Russia Superstitions

Customs that are more often regarded as superstition Mothers typically do not show their baby to anyone except the father, the midwife and other close relatives for forty days after the baby is born. Many nationalities have a set of rituals for the guests that they have to follow to see the baby for the first time. [1] Before leaving for a long journey travelers, and all those who are seeing them off, must sit for a moment in silence before leaving the house. It is often conveniently written off as a time to sit and think of anything one may have forgotten. 2] After someone has left the house on a long journey, their room and/or their things should not be cleaned up until they have arrived, or at least a day has passed if they are guests in a house. [2] Knocking on wood is practiced in Russia as in other countries. However Russians tend to add a symbolic three spits over one's left shoulder (or simply with the head turned to the left), and Russians will often knock three times as wel l. Traditionally one was spitting on the devil (who is always on the left). 3] Breaking a mirror is considered bad luck in Russia, as is looking at one's reflection in a broken mirror. The effect is also more severe than 7 years of bad luck (as in American culture). [4] On examination day, it is bad luck to make your bed, wear anything new, or cut your fingernails. [3] It is bad luck to use physical hand gestures to demonstrate something negative using oneself or someone else as the object. For example, when describing a scar you saw on someone's face you should not gesture on your own face or someone else's. If you must, you can demonstrate in mid-air.If one does it without realizing, it can be countered by making a hand motion towards the body part used and then an abrupt motion away (as if to pick up the bad energy and throw it away). [3] If one person accidentally steps on another person's foot, it is common for the person who was stepped on to lightly step on the foot of the pe rson who stepped first. It is said that they thus avoid a future conflict. [3] Birthday parties should be celebrated on or after one's birthday, not before. So when one's birthday falls during the week, it's best to celebrate the following weekend. And never give someone birthday wishes before their birthday. 3] Talking about future success, especially boasting about it, is considered bad luck. It is considered better to be silent until the success has been achieved or to even sound pessimistic. [3] Returning home for forgotten things is a bad omen. It is better to leave it behind, but if returning is necessary, one should look in the mirror before leaving the house again. Otherwise the journey will be bad. [4] Many Russians consider giving sharp objects, like knives or scissors, as gifts, to be taboo. You can avoid this taboo taking symbolic little money, for example one Russian ruble, in exchange as if it is a trade, not a gift. 4] Birds that land on a windowsill should be chased away. If they tap on the window, or fly into it (open or closed) it is considered a very bad omen (often of death). [5] If a chicken crows at you three times before noon, the death of a close family member can be expected within a fortnight. The chicken should be killed, but not eaten, as consuming it will bring about further misfortune. [5] Things bought for a newborn baby (such as clothes, toys, furniture, etc. ) should only be purchased after the baby is born. This is usually done in a big hurry. 1] It is often considered taboo to step over people, or parts of their body, who are on the ground. It is often said that it will prevent the person from growing (if they are not fully grown already). It is better to politely ask the person to move or to find a way around them. If one accidentally steps over a person (or people), it is sometimes standard to step backwards over them. [3] Unmarried people should not sit at the corner of the table. Otherwise they will not marry. This mostly applies to girls, and often only young girls. Sometimes it is said that you will not marry for 7 years, making it all right for young children to sit there. 6] When giving an animal as a gift (a cat, dog, bird, etc. ), the receiver should give the giver a symbolic sum of money, for example one Russian ruble. [5] A purse (or any other money holder) as a gift requires a little money inside. Given empty it causes bad financial luck. [4] A funeral procession brings good luck. But one should never cross its path or it is bad luck. [7] A woman with empty water buckets coming towards you is considered a bad omen. [3] A group of two or more people should not talk on different sides of a tree. They should all keep to one side or the other. [3] Bread should only be cut with a knife, not with your hands.Otherwise, it is said, that your life will be broken. The opposite is held true by some people. [4] Two or more people should never use one towel at the same time to dry their hands or bodies, or it is said to bring conflict. [4] A stranger should not look at a newborn baby before it is a certain age (between two months and one year). If one looks at the baby it is considered bad luck to compliment it. Instead, one could say, â€Å"Oh, what an ugly child! â€Å". [1] It's good luck to trip on your left foot. [3] One should never hand a knife directly to another person, as it is said that the two will get into a fight.Instead a person should always place the knife down on a surface, and only then can the other person pick it up. In several cases you can give it directly, but only pointing the sharp end to yourself and making the knife's handle accessible for the opposite person. [4] If one feels that he or she may have been cursed by someone (had the â€Å"evil eye† put on them) or just has the feeling of a hostile presence, it is recommended to remove one's coat and then put it back on starting with the hand opposing the usually used one. It is also recommended to pin a French Pin inside your clothing to avoid the curse of the evil eye in the first place. 3] One should not to shake hands or give something through a threshold. [3] Whistling in a house would bring misfortune to that household (see origins below). It is considered taboo to give something that is broken or has a defect as a gift. Before one takes an exam, someone else would say, â€Å" ! † which roughly translates to â€Å"neither fur, nor feather! † which means good luck. To this, the one taking the exam would reply, â€Å"? ! † which means, â€Å"Go to the Devil! † or â€Å"To the Devil! † which is a way of securing good luck

My Home Purchase Plan

Under this Plan, the Government will provide land for the HKHS (Hong Kong Housing Society) to build â€Å"no-frills† small and medium flats for lease to eligible applicants at prevailing market rent. The tenancy period will be up to five years, within which the rent will not be adjusted. Within a specified time frame, tenants of the Plan may purchase the flat they rent or another flat under the Plan at prevailing market price, or a flat in the private market. They will receive a subsidy equivalent to half of the net rental they have paid during the tenancy period, and use it for part of the down payment. The Government has already earmarked sites in Tsing Yi, Diamond Hill, Sha Tin, Tai Po, Tuen Mun and other areas for a total of some 5000 flats to be built under the Plan. The first project will provide about 1000 flats in Tsing Yi by 2014. In the point of view of the Government, they would like to wisely spending the money of helping the sandwich class with flexibility in their home purchase plan, including the choice of opting to purchase the flat they rent, another flat under the plan, or a flat in the private market; which also want to help on slowing down the raising on both rental and purchasing prices currently in the market. The Government thinks that the current price in the market has been raised too fast and too high which is not a health saturation and start forming up an â€Å"Economic Bomb†. As the â€Å"Property Market† is one of the main factors with Hong Kong’s economic environment, if the â€Å"Bomb† pops, Hong Kong’s economic will be affected badly. But in the other hand, the Government does not want to affect the growth of the real estate too much and too fast, therefore the Government implies with this soft plan in order to balance with the situations. For the tax payers, they are mainly separated in to 2 groups: the group which cannot enjoy with the plan and the qualified applicants. For those who do not have the right to enjoy with the benefits are mainly the people who are either already owning a flat, or those people who are not qualified due to higher incomes. These people might not feel happy with the Government’s actions. For those who have already owned their own place, when the Government supporting plan comes, that means there will be more people able to buy their own place. In the last few years, the economic situation of Hong Kong was not good and people were very careful on using their money, which made the banks dropped their interest rate of borrowing in order to attract people to borrow money either on buying flats or other usages. With the needs on mortgaging is rising due to this program, the interest rate will then have the potential on rising. This will affect to those people who already own their own place for living have to pay more on the mortgage pay back or need to extend the time of pay back as the raising of the interest. The Government has setup very tight rules on the incomes and assets on qualifying the applicants for the supporting program in order to make sure all the qualified applicants are the users of the properties. Those people who do not qualify for the program due to higher income might be the most unhappy group as they would think the Government does not take care of them. Since the property prices have been increased so much in the last 5 years, although they have higher incomes, they still cannot afford the down payment on purchasing a place. For the group of people who are the qualified applicants, of course they will be very concerned for this supporting program. However, they have to wait until the second half of 2014 for the building completion and there will be only 5000 units, which is really â€Å"Too Little Too Late! † Another problem is that, the Government now estimating that the price of a 500 feet unit is 3 million, which would only apply to those flats in the remote areas. The prices for the urban residents are already far outstripped with it. Who can predict and guarantee how would the real estate pricing will be after 7 years of time (The planned building will be completed after 4 years, the applicants have to rent and live there for 3 years before they can own)? In case of the property prices continue rising, those 300 thousand which is going to be rebate from the Government still not enough to pay for the down payment. If the property prices rapidly decline, those applicants will be falling into a dilemma situation. Overall, to solve the housing difficulties of Hong Kong there are many ways, how the â€Å"My Home Purchase Plan â€Å"may receive with the desired results really depends on the future development of the real estate market trends. However, the â€Å"My Home Purchase Plan† does not really may not really be able to help on the current unhealthy situation on the property market. In my opinion, I would suggested the Government should plan on some relaxation on the income limit for public housing and pay more attention on taking care of the middle and lower class families. In fact, the magnitude of increase in property prices and rents, is seriously out of the line with the general public’s income, which directly affecting the quality of life. The Government should pay more attention on how to plan on the public housing supply and how to make better use of resources balance.

BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL CASE STUDY Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL - Case Study Example Her case presents an insight into the effects that this condition can have on an individual’s life. Bertha started experiencing problems in her health near about the time when her father fell ill. Her initial complain was cough which was then followed by other problems which included visual and auditory problems as well as headaches. She then stopped talking for 14 days which was then followed by episodes of transition between two different personalities. After her father died, her condition worsened. Breuer was the person who was treating her. He used hypnosis on her to treat her condition. HE applied the principle of Catharsis to treat her and he used it for her different symptoms to overcome them. Though the frequency of her personality switch decreased, she was still experiencing the problem. Breuer discontinued his treatment and left her after she told him that she was pregnant and was carrying his child. This was a form of transference and this concept was not well understood at that time. Breuer declared her health to be well and left her. Following this she was sent to an institution and it was found from her reports that she had become a morphine addict and had stopped speaking in her mother tongue which was German. She also lost track of certain happenings in her life and could not remember them. Also there were periods of unconsciousness as well. Even after she left the institution, it was seen that she had two personalities for about another half decade. But she did eventually recover after about ten years and she became actively involved in social work. She worked for the rights of women as well as children. It was believed that in the case of Anna she was a target of emotional as well as sexual exploitation and it was this trauma that led her into the condition of multiple personality disorder. It is also thought that since she was an intelligent lady and women in those times were suppressed, she could have been emotionally disturbed because of this as well. Also her family was strict and she had many limitations and thus her lack of freedom ca n also be associated with this condition. Multiple personality disorder is a condition which is believed to have many reasons that lead to its causation. Biological factors have an important role to play. It has been seen that this condition is associated with trauma and such strain and disturbances can lead to effects on the life of a person. It is believed that the orbitofrontal complex is an important system of the human brain that helps in keeping memories and it is considered to be affected in this condition which can be counted as a reason for the absence of a person’s thoughts and happenings and short term memory loss. It is also involved in maintaining the emotional stability of a person. The development of the nerves and the myelination of the nervous system are at its peak in the last 3 to 4 years of a person’s life. It gets completed by the age of 12 years. Strained relationships with the parents in early ages are seen to be related with affecting this compl ex of the brain. In the case of Anna, as it is believed that she must have been traumatized at an early age due to emotional as well as sexual abuse, a possible correlation with the loss of efficient functioning of the orbitofrontal complex can be related to her condition. It is also notable that since she came from a conservative family and she was an intelligent woman, this could have also affected the early years of her life. The affect on this complex

Dream School Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Dream School - Term Paper Example Therefore, activities and materials used in the school will be design to provide the preschool children with a wide range of experiences in all developmental stages. Consequently, these can facilitate their growth and give them numerous opportunities from which they can choose from to carry out preferred tasks. As such, these materials and methods in the school will reflect the philosophy of Piaget and incorporate the most appropriate materials of other educators in order to assist the learning process of children. Similarly important would be the children’s teacher, hence the presence of well qualified teaching staff members to positively contribute to the personal development and fulfillment of preschoolers as well as instill the values of care and love. The following sections will then look into the educational philosophy, curriculum, physical building and facilities, and the choice of teachers in the ideal school that aims to emphasize the developmental learning of prescho olers. Educational Philosophy The educational philosophy of the school would place an emphasis on interactions between adults and children as well as relationships in school and at home. The school will also incorporate developmentally appropriate practices that have been established by professional organizations that support early childhood education, such as the National Association for the Education of Young Children. As developmentally appropriate practice entails, teachers must be knowledgeable regarding the different stages of a child’s development as well as their implications. Such knowledge consequently becomes the principle from which they share information, construct the content of the curriculum, evaluate what has to be implemented, evaluate what the children have learned, as well as determine how their curriculum will be adapted to meet the individual needs, interests, and strengths of children in preschool age (Bredekamp and Rosegrant, 1992). In addition, teache rs should know the children they are teaching as well as their families to increase their awareness of the latter’s cultural and social settings. The school’s principles are centered on the recognition and responsiveness towards preschool children who are in the preoperational phase of development, as noted by Piaget. They recognize that objects do exist without touching them and can develop their own set of symbols, such as words and images, as representations of the real world. The school also recognizes that lessons will take place through assimilation, adaptation and accommodation. When children are introduced to new occurrences, they will try to understand these by associating them with the things that they have already known. Once they have obtained experience with such new phenomenon, their thoughts, feelings, and approaches may change to accommodate the attributes of this new phenomenon. Implications then point towards the need for children to be exposed to new experiences which can be associated with previous ones but, to some extent, should also bring about challenges for their way of thinking. Therefore, in order for this ideal school to maintain practices that are appropriate for children’s development, they must establish a secure, stimulating, and nurturing environment as well as develop a flexible curriculum, reflecting the themes and activities of teachers and children. These young

Nursing Theory, Research, and Evidence-Based Practice Essay

Nursing Theory, Research, and Evidence-Based Practice - Essay Example continue maintaining the status quo of nursing as being predicated on medicine and its paternalistic medical model, derived from the Hippocratic Oath. This paper studies the key aspect of evidence based nursing and identifies that it is the relationship of nursing with temperamental nursing which is highly related to dealing with children and parents of ill youngsters. From the students point of view, the discrepancy between nursing as a practical profession and nursing as an academic discipline may enhance the theory-practice gap and aggravate tensions. Traditionally, evidence of fall related patients has been checkup by nurses using the Tinetti Assessment Tool which is considered to be a simple, easily administered test that measures a patient’s walk and equilibrium. The test is scored on the patient’s capability to perform specific tasks. The discipline of nursing and the subjects in nursing programs have been categorized in terms of a science-based model, e.g. biological and physical sciences, behavioral and social sciences, humanities, medical science and, finally, nursing science (Beattie, 2003). As long as nursing was based on a medical model and medical staff was involved in teaching the students, the subjects of the curriculum were congruent with the medical model (Wynne et al, 2004). The key aspect of evidence based nursing is the relationship of nursing with fall management nursing. This aspect of nursing is highly related to dealing with pain related issues for fall patients consisting of children and parents of ill youngsters. While evidence based intervention is intended to relay acceptance to the patient, the strategies that patients and other caregivers use often encourage the fall patient to accept a challenge that can foster their recovery. In order to have medical knowledge, e.g. an understanding of pathos-physiological implications, one needs to be familiar with the biosciences. Akinsanya (Akinsanya, 2005, Akinsanya, 2003) suggests that

Why is Zara a pioneer in affordable design clothing Research Paper

Why is Zara a pioneer in affordable design clothing - Research Paper Example The paper "Why is Zara a pioneer in affordable design clothing" concenrs Zara Marketing Fashion from a ‘Fresh is What Sells’ Point of View. Because of the way that Zara, a leader in women’s fashions and a success story, has designed its marketing and business strategies, one will almost never walk into the same store twice. In looking at how to design a clothing store with its eye on the bottom line profit, Zara has found the key to their own success in the example of the produce isle. What is fresh is what will sell. As well, they have found that having many items to choose from with limited availability is far greater than having a great number of a select few items. In an economy where fashion is no longer a priority, survival becomes a game of playing the numbers in the way that will create the largest overall profit. In this game, Zara has found a formula for success that is working. Zara is a clothing company based in Spain and is a subsidiary of Inditex. In ditex has over 2500 stores across the world with Zara being around 800 or more of those outlets. According to Hines and Bruce (2007), the most successful launch of a store took place in Dublin Ireland in an outlet that was over 20,000 square feet (247). The business design is based on the concept that what is done quickly will have the best result. Getting new designs from the design room to the floor takes five weeks whereas a redesign of a piece of clothing will take only two weeks to reach the stores. Zara markets clothing for men.

Violence Towards Mental Health Workers Research Paper

Violence Towards Mental Health Workers - Research Paper Example This paper underlines the need of identification of effective approaches to worker assault in the clinical workplace, particularly the necessary responses, programs and interventions that can reduce or prevent both patient violence and its adverse effects on mental health workers. Violence towards staff members who work as mental health professionals has received considerable attention over the years. Assaults against mental health workers caused by their psychiatric patients are a great concern as its outcomes have adverse outcomes on the victim. While some professionals assert that violence is inherent in their occupation as mental health workers and that they possess the skill and knowledge necessary to cope with such violence. In spite of such beliefs, mental health workers may suffer a number of physical and psychological effects brought about by their violent patients. As the current study aims to examine the causes and effects of patient- and workplace-related factors on viole nce that is evident in the workplace, it will employ a quantitative approach to research with which surveys will be used in obtaining primary data. The main goal of the study is to examine how certain aspects related to the patient and to the environment can influence violent behavior in the workplace, particularly in psychiatric wards or hospitals where patients can demonstrate violence towards mental health care workers. Surveys will be administered to the health care professionals and their patients.... What are the effects of age, gender, and static and dynamic risk factors on the violent behavior of patients towards health care professionals in mental health care settings? 2. What are the physical and psychological effects of violence caused by mental health patients on health care professionals in the workplace? 3. What are the strategies used in effectively managing violent situations and avoiding similar occurrences in the future? Project Rationale As the current study aims to examine the causes and effects of patient- and workplace-related factors on violence that is evident in the workplace, it will employ a quantitative approach to research with which surveys will be used in obtaining primary data. The main goal of the study is to examine how certain aspects related to the patient and to the environment can influence violent behavior in the workplace, particularly in psychiatric wards or hospitals where patients can demonstrate violence towards mental health care workers. Su rveys will be administered to both the health care professionals and their patients. The collection of secondary data will help provide a clear foundation that will enable the researcher to gain a comprehensive view of the content and other related factors to be examined. Moreover, as primary data will be collected through surveys, these will be interpreted through statistical analysis that may further increase the reliability of the findings. Through these, suitable conclusions and recommendations can be established. Significance of the Study In numerous high-risk areas, including inpatient psychiatric units and emergency departments, it is highly expected for violent behavior to be demonstrated by patients. Mostly, direct caregivers experience the assaults, although all

Development of a Mathematical Model Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Development of a Mathematical Model - Essay Example Major immediate concerns are the possibility of underground movement of the gasoline, pollution of ground water and sewage systems and contamination of housing by toxic and flammable fumes. The effects of this spillage is mainly on water pollution and air pollution, the sewage pollution is not likely to have any effect on the people, the pollution of underground water as a result of this spillage and air pollution due to the effects of flammable flames are likely to affect the people and therefore we will develop a mathematical model as follows that explains this effects. Petroleum products are hydrocarbons and have the chemical formula CnH2n+2; Trimethylpentane is used as gasoline and has the chemical formula C8H18, in this scenario therefore the contact of petroleum with oxygen takes the following reaction: This reaction with oxygen produces carbon dioxide, water and heat; however the incomplete combustion of gasoline is harmful in that it causes the formation of carbon monoxide, and nitric oxide as shown below in the chemical reaction: Therefore this will result to the formation of gases that once they are inhaled endanger health, carbon monoxide reacts with red blood cells which carry oxygen from the lungs to the other pats of the body to form an irreversible compound therefore a person who inhales this gas could die due to insufficient oxygen in the body. Petroleum is insoluble in water and therefore does not react with water, it is less dense than water and therefore will float in water, therefore to its causes to underground water will only affect the availability of clean underground water. We will not consider the effect on land because there are no major direct effects as a result of the spillage, we shall not also consider the effect of the spillage on sewage lines because the contents are not of use to human beings. Our major concern therefore is the production of carbon monoxide and nitric oxide, we can form the following mathematical model that analysis the effect of one litre of fuel: One mole of gas occupies 26.5 litres volume at standard temperature and pressure, therefore one mole of C8H18 will produce 2 moles of carbon monoxide and two moles of nitric oxide, therefore if 1,000 litres of petroleum was spilt then this will produce 37.74 litres of carbon monoxide and 37.74 moles of nitric oxide.3 The model can therefore be specified as follows E= 2 litres carbon monoxide + two litres nitric oxide, and this is per litre of petroleum spilt, Where E is the total effect. Scenario two (b) There has been a spillage of gasoline from a road tanker in a town (population, 5500). Most of the gasoline

Animal Farm, Snowball Essay Example for Free

Animal Farm, Snowball Essay He led a revolution, became a scapegoat, and was exiled from his home lane. This person was Leon Trotsky, a Russian Marxist revolutionary. In the novel Animal Farm, Trotsky came out through a pig named Snowball. Throughout the novel, Trotsky is brought up more and more through snowball. Leon Trotsky is represented through Snowball by the many life events they had in common. Snowball was chased away from the farm and became an exile by Napoleons trained dogs. In Trotsky’s life, he too became an exile from his home. He sent away and banned from returning. In addition, Napoleon claimed that all the ideas that had come from Snowball were actually all his own creations. â€Å"One of them all but closed his jaws on Snowballs tail, but Snowball whisked it free just in time. Then he put on an extra spurt†¦ slipped through a hole†¦ and was seen no more†(68). This is a quote from the scene where Snowball becomes banned from the farm. After Snowball takes charge over the farm for some time, his comrade, Napoleon comes to despise him. Snowball and Napoleon never agree on anything. Napoleon did not want the animals to side with Snowball, he always argued against Snowballs ideas and was never friendly towards him. What also went on was Napoleon, showing his hatred for Snowball, examined the layouts Snowball had made for the windmill and urinated over the plans. Napoleon showed his disgust by urinating on something that was important to Snowball. â€Å"†¦looked closely at every detail of the plans†¦ then suddenly he [Napoleon] lifted his leg, urinated over the plans, and walked away†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (65). Obviously the action that Napoleon just committed shows hatred for Snowball. After Snowball was gone from the farm, he became a scapegoat for Napoleon. It was suddenly Snowballs fault that the windmill had collapsed. Napoleon needed a reason for it to have fallen, and who better to blame than Snowball, that way the animals would want revenge by building a stronger one; exactly what Napoleon wanted. In addition, it was announced that Snowball had been sneaking onto the farm to steal corn, break eggs and what not. Whatever bad thing that occurred was automatically put on Snowball by Napoleon. â€Å"Whenever anything went wrong it became usual to attribute it to Snowball†(88). With hardly ever any proof, Snowball was always the scapegoat. In conclusion, it is obvious how Snowball went through the events of Leon Trotsky’s life. From having his ideas stolen to becoming a scapegoat, he led the life of a famous revolutionary leader, though it wasn’t a very good life, he made a big impact on all of his comrades and will never be forgotten.

What is a Membrane Essay Example for Free

What is a Membrane Essay 1. What is a membrane? Membrane is any delicate sheet that separates one region from another blocking or permitting (selectively or completely) the passage of substances. The skin, for example, can be considered a membrane that separates the exterior from the interior of the body; cellophane, used in chemical laboratories to separate solutions, acts as a membrane too. 2. Concerning their permeability how are membranes classified? Membranes can be classified as impermeable, permeable, semipermeable or selectively permeable. An impermeable membrane is that through which no substance can pass. Semipermeable membranes are those that let only solvents, like water, to pass through it. Permeable membranes are those that let solvent and solutes, like ions and molecules, to pass across it. There are also selectively permeablemembranes, i.e., membranes that besides allowing the passage of solvent, let only some specific solutes to pass while blocking others. 3. What is diffusion?  Diffusion is the spreading of substance molecules from a region where the substance is more concentrated to another region where it is less concentrated. For example, during the boiling of water in a kitchen gaseous water particles tend to uniformly spread in the air by diffusion. 4. What is meant by concentration gradient? Is it correct to refer to â€Å"concentration gradient of water†? Concentration gradient is the difference of concentration of a substance between two regions. Concentration is a term used to designate the quantity of a solute divided by the total quantity of the solution. Since water in general is the solvent in this situation it is not correct to refer to â€Å"concentration of water† in a given solution. 5. What is the difference between osmosis and diffusion?  Osmosis is the phenomenon of movement of solvent particles (in general, water) from a region of lower solute concentration to a region of higher solute concentration. Diffusion, on the other hand, is the movement of solutes from a region of higher solute concentration to a region of lower solute concentration. 6. What is osmotic pressure?  Osmotic pressure is the pressure created in an aqueous solution by a region of lower solute concentration upon a region of higher solute concentration forcing the passage of water from that to this more concentrated region. 7.Can solutions with the same concentration of different solutes have different osmotic pressures? The osmotic pressure of a solution does not depend on the nature of the solute, it depends only on the quantity of molecules (particles) in relation to the total solution volume. Solutions with same concentration of particles even containing different solutes exert the same osmotic pressure. 8. How are solutions classified according to their comparative tonicity? Comparative to another, a solution can be hypotonic (or hyposmotic), isotonic (or isosmotic) or hypertonic (or hyperosmotic). When a solution is less concentrated than another the adjective hypotonic is given and the more concentrated is called hypertonic. When two compared solutions have the same concentration both receive the adjective isotonic. So this classification makes sense only for comparison of solutions. 9.Concerning permeability what type of membrane is the cell membrane?The cell membrane is a selectively permeable membrane, i.e., it allows the passage of water and some selected solutes. 10.What are the basic constituents of the cell membrane?  The cell membrane is formed of lipids, proteins and carbohydrates. The membrane lipids are phospholipids, a special type of lipid to which one extremity a phosphate group is bound thus assigning electrical charge to this region of the molecule. Since phospholipids have one electrically charged extremity and a long neutral organic chain they can organize themselves in two layers of associated molecules: the hydrophilic portion (polar) of each layer faces outwards in contact with water (a polar molecule too) of the extracellular and the intracellular space and the hydrophobic chains (non polar) face inwards isolated from the water. Because this type of membrane is made of two phospolipid layers it is also called a bilipid membrane. Membrane proteins are embedded and dispersed in the compact bilipid structure. Carbohydrates appear in the outer surface of the membrane associated to some of those proteins under the form of glycoproteins or bound to phospholipids forming glycolipids. The membrane carbohydrates form the glycocalix of the membrane.

Iron Deficiency Anemia And Treatment Health Essay

Iron Deficiency Anemia And Treatment Health Essay This paper explores five sources that report what iron-deficiency anemia is along with how to treat the ailment. More specifically this paper looks at what role vegetables play in treatment of iron-deficiency anemia. All sources remain consistent in the role and how helpful vegetables are in fighting iron-deficiency anemia. Iron-deficiency anemia treatment from Heart, Lung, and Blood institute will provide that background of what iron-deficiency anemia is and how to treat it. Ross (2002), Johnson and Shinde (2010) all cover the role of food and more specifically the role of vegetables in treatment of iron-deficiency anemia. What is iron- deficiency anemia? According to Iron-deficiency anemia treatment from Heart, Lung, and Blood institute (2010); iron-deficiency anemia is the most prevalent type of anemia on earth. This type makes red blood cells (RBCs) that are below average size, thus the term microcytic is used when referring to them. RBCs are not only smaller in size and amount, but contain a below average amount of hemoglobin, which makes cells pale. Because RBCs are needed to transport oxygen throughout the body, anemia results in lower amounts of oxygen reaching the cells and tissues, disturbing their function. The distinction between iron-deficiency and anemia is important. They often go hand in hand, but people can be iron deficient without being anemic. Iron-deficiency is a reduction of iron storage while anemia refers to the reduction of iron in the RBCs. These reduced RBCs are not able to transport enough oxygen from the lungs to the tissues, causing a shortage in energy being released from the cells and every cell in the body will feel the effect. What causes iron-deficiency anemia? According to Iron-deficiency anemia treatment from Heart, Lung, and Blood institute (2010); iron-deficiency anemia may be caused by the following: diets low in iron due to iron being obtained from foods in our diet. A person unable to have a balanced high iron diet may suffer from some extent of iron-deficiency anemia. An increased iron requirement as well as an increased red blood cell production is required when the body is going through changes such as growth spurts in children and adolescents. Gastrointestinal tract abnormalities, malabsorption of iron is common after some forms of gastrointestinal surgeries. Most of the iron taken in by foods is absorbed in the upper small intestine. Any abnormalities in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract could affect iron intake and result in iron-deficiency anemia. Loss of blood can cause a decrease of iron and result in iron-deficiency anemia. Sources of blood loss may include GI bleeding, menstrual bleeding, or injury. What are the symptoms of iron-deficiency anemia? According to Iron-deficiency anemia treatment from Heart, Lung, and Blood institute (2010), the following are the most common symptoms of iron-deficiency anemia: abnormal paleness or lack of color of the skin, irritability, lack of energy, increased heart rate (tachycardia), sore or swollen tongue, enlarged spleen. The symptoms of iron-deficiency anemia may resemble other blood conditions or medical problems. How is iron-deficiency anemia diagnosed? According to Iron-deficiency anemia treatment from Heart, Lung, and Blood institute(2010), iron-deficiency anemia can be found from general findings on a complete medical history and a physical, like complaints of tiring easily, abnormal paleness or lack of color of the skin, or a fast heartbeat (tachycardia). Iron-deficiency anemia is typically found during a medical examination via a blood test that measures the how much hemoglobin (amount of RBCs) present, as well as the amount of iron in the blood. According to Iron-deficiency anemia treatment from Heart, Lung, and Blood institute (2010), treatment for iron-deficiency anemia: certain treatment for iron-deficiency anemia will be determined by your doctor based on: age, overall health, family and personal medical history, severity of the anemia, cause of the anemia, your opinion or preference. Iron supplements are just one of the many ways to treat iron-deficiency anemia. Supplements can be taken during the duration of several months to raise iron levels in the blood. Supplements may cause agitation of the stomach along with discoloration of bowel movements. Supplements should be consumed on an empty stomach, or with orange juice, to raise absorption levels. According to Ross (2002), other treatments include an iron-rich diet. Eating a diet with iron-rich foods can help treat iron-deficiency anemia. Good sources of iron include the following: meats beef, pork, lamb, liver, and other organ meats also, poultry chicken, duck, turkey, liver especially dark meat. Fish shellfish, including clams, mussels, and oysters, sardines, anchovies. Now letà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s look at what vegetables are good sources of iron. For example, leafy greens of the cabbage family like broccoli, kale, turnip greens, and collards. Also legumes, such as lima beans and green peas; dry beans and peas, such as pinto beans, black-eyed peas, and canned baked beans are good way to get some iron in your diet. And then there are the grains that are high in iron content such as yeast-leavened whole-wheat bread and rolls, iron-enriched white bread, pasta, rice, and cereals. With a vast amount of veggies and fruits around, high iron foods for vegans is abundant. According to Shinde(2010), one should eat the following high iron foods to maintain a healthy life. Food as follows : Freshly baked potato, Cooked Spinach, Green leafy vegetables, Beets, Lima beans, Peas, Broccoli, Turnip greens, Asparagus, Green beans, cooked, Tomato juice, Pumpkin, cooked, Swiss Chard, Canned sweet potatoes, Cooked Bok Choy. Those are mainly just the beans and vegetables that have high iron content to aid in ones high iron diet. Here is a list of high iron fruit: dates, gooseberries, mangoes, apples, papaya, banana, grapes, jack fruit and muskmelon. Since iron from vegetables sources are poorly absorbed by the body, it is important for vegans to take in more amounts of high iron foods and high iron vegetables. According to Johnson (2010), one can increase how fast the iron is absorbed by eating foods high in vitamin C. For optimal iron absorption in these sources in the body, one should ingest a good amount of vitamin C in the eating plan. Vitamin C increases the rate of absorption of iron in the body, so that its potential in the body is reached. Discussion Instead of taking iron supplements, one can get iron through foods high in iron. High iron vegetables and fruits remain the healthiest way to take in iron. All vegetables are packed full of some nutrients, but certain vegetables are specially known to be high in iron. There are plenty of high iron foods for vegans since there are lot vegetables high in iron. Certain vegetables have iron that is easily absorbed. These types of vegetables are very helpful people with iron-deficiency anemia. Knowing which foods are high in iron is half the battle.

Too close for comfort :: essays research papers

Too close for comfort Yet the similarity between these two stories raises some interesting questions about how we read Carver. That he is adored as few late-century American writers are is not news -- as Bloom points out there's almost a cult of Carver. Readers treasure not only his taut, bleak, deeply moving short stories but the legend of his life, as well: unhappy, alcoholic, stifled by frustrating poverty and saddled with the overwhelming responsibilities of teenage parenthood ("[My wife and I] didn't have any youth" he told Simpson), Carver's singular talent didn't have room to develop until relatively late. His eventual triumph over adversity, a story of late, spectacular blooming against all odds, has given him a rare hold on his readers' affection. Carver chronicled the lives of the lumpen proletariat and the demoralized white working class with a sensitivity and eye for detail unmatched in his contemporaries and, many would argue, his followers. He is commonly thought of as a truly Amer ican writer, perhaps stylistically indebted to Sherwood Anderson, Stephen Crane and Ernest Hemingway (he himself suggested the link to Hemingway in his book "Fires"), but in a sense sui generis -- a talented, sensitive soul who rose up out of the deadening laundromats and strip malls of the great, dreary American suburban wastelands and wrote beautiful, sad stories in clipped, stripped prose. The minimalism and domestic realism of his short stories made his work read very differently from the cerebral literary styling of his contemporaries, the university-ensnared postmodernists. But perhaps Carver's work wasn't as unfettered or as American (in his literary influences, at least) as all that. It seems that he read (and taught) the European modernists very carefully. Bloom says that, "Carver was a very literary writer and his work is full of echoes of other writers, some of them unintentional. He's a derivative writer -- vastly overrated." Or, as Tobias Wolff wrote , admiringly, in the introduction to "The Best American Short Stories of 1994:" The picture of Gabriel Conroy [in James Joyce's' "The Dead"] watching his wife Gretta on the staircase above him as she listens to a tragic ballad ... has become for me ... the very emblem of that final distance which a lifetime of domestic partnership can never overcome. I wonder if there isn't an echo of this image in Raymond Carver's "Will You Please Be Quiet, Please?" when Ralph, returning from a walk on his honeymoon, sees his bride, Marian, "leaning motionless on her arms over the ironwork balustrade of their rented casita .

James Buchanan :: US Presidents

James Buchanan was born in Cove Gap, Pennsylvania on April 23, 1791. He became the fifteenth President of the United States of America on March 4, 1857. . He was the only President that was never married. His first lady was his niece Harriet Lane. He was the only citizen of Pennslvania to hold that office. He has been criticized for failing to take any positive action in order to attempt to pervent the country from sliding into the Civil War. Some have even speculated that he had gay tendencies with William Rufus King, the Senator for Alabama. He graduated from Dickinson College. After graduation he went on to study law. He was a member of the Pennsylvania State House of Representatives and then he was elected to Seventeenth and to the four succeeding Congressess. He was also chairman of the Committeee on the Judiciary in the Twenty-first Congress. With of these accomplishments he had created a great political background. Although his political background was excellent, his presidency was consider one of the worst ever. In his Inangural the President referred to the territorial question as "happily, a matter of but little practical importance" since the Supreme Court was about to settle it "speedily and finally." One of the main issues during his presidency was the very controversail issue of slavery. Although he opposed slavery, he acted very Kerry like by changing his beliefs. Buchanan decided to end the troubles in Kansas by urging the admission of the territory as a slave state. Although he directed his Presidental authority to this goal, he further angered the Republicans and alienated memebers of his own part. After all of this Kansas remained a territory. Another hot issue was regarding the sucession of southern states. President Buchanan, very dismayed and hesitant, denied the legal right of states to secede but held that the Federal Government legally could not prevent them. He hoped for compromise, but secessionist leaders did not want compromise so he just let them do what the wanted to do. Then Buchanan took a militant tack. As several Cabinet members resigned, he appointed northerners, and sent the Star of the West to carry reinforcements of Fort Sumter.

Chinas Economy Essay

Discuss the possible implications of such a development for (a) the world trading system, (b) the world monetary system (c) the business strategy of today’s European and U. S. global corporations, and (d) global commodity prices. A) The implications of such a development for the world trading system is that China will basically will be the root of trading. From my perspective, China’s growth of economic will benefit overall economy of world. In the trading system, China will play a major role on deciding the policy and implications how the trading should be done. With its sophisticated export increase do to the rapid increase in technology; China is sharply stepping up exports. With China’s dominant imports and exports trading and taking a big part in WTO, trade as a percent of GDP has grown dramatically, rising to a level far greater than for any country of similar size. B) With its high output of economic growth, in world monetary system, I think China’s currency might be powerful than U. S. dollar or equal or more than other world currency. In monetary system, China’s demands for its large economic development, will put pressure on other global countries how its plays a leading role. The Chinese Yuan will be in the near future a major international currency, benefitting from the strong position and of the Chinese economy and the latest arrangements, and the stability of the Yuan’s value when it is compared to other major currencies. C) The implications in European and U. S. lobal corporations would be from my perspective that more corporation business will shift to China. With so many corporation works being sent overseas, there is no doubt that China will be leading part in these corporations. China will generally set polices in what is better interest for corporation and China’s economic growth. I think that business strategy will be more controlled by China do to the resources that it’s going to provide and how it will be distributed th roughout the global economy. D) I think this is going to be the most impact throughout the whole world with economic growth of China. Global commodity price changes can affect inflation and the terms of trade at the global level, with possibly large effects on other emerging and developing economies. In upcoming growth, China will set benchmarks in commodity pricing along with U. S. at side. Chapter 2 question 4 What are the risks facing foreign firms that do business in Indonesia? What is required to reduce these risks? The risks that I personally believe firms that do business in Indonesia would be loss of income to bribes. Moreover, jail time for foreign enterprises on flimsiest of pretext as well and long waits to establish a business are the risks that foreign firms are facing. In order to reduce or say minimize these risks, a radical change is required. Indonesia has an anticorruption drive, which may or may not work. As stated in the case, Indonesia has launched an anticorruption drive; it just needs to implement better ways of putting that law into affect. A more assertive policy needs to take affect on people in order to make the country better and bring out the resources that it has to offer like Oil production. Moreover, political elites need to get involvement with each other and foreign countries in shaping and assisting to rebuild a better Indonesia. As for business firm, businesses must take a pro-active approach to security and risk management. Doing so reduces the chances of a company becoming a victim, but also minimizes the likely fallout in the event an incident was to occur. An effective risk prevention and mitigation plan will enable the company to effectively respond, recover and resume normal business operations within the shortest time frame possible so as to minimize the potential business impact either financially or from a reputation standpoint.

Computer and Innate Ability Essay

We sometimes think of being good at mathematics as an innate ability. You either â€Å"have it† or you don’t. But to Schoenfeld, it’s not so much ability as attitude. You master mathematics if you are willing to try. That’s what Schoenfeld attempts to teach his students. Success is a function of persistence and doggedness and the willingness to work hard for twenty-two minutes to make sense of something that most people would give up on after thirty seconds†¦ In the book â€Å"Outliers†, Malcolm Gladwell discusses some specific factors of extraordinary achievement. Some of the main ideas he discusses is advantages to succeed in life. According to Gladwell, there are tremendous advantages people have over their competitors to meet opportunities. In examining what made outliers like Bill Gates and the Beatles such phenomenal successes, Gladwell hits upon the important role played by opportunity. In each case, these successful people are given opportunities that most others do not have. In the case of Bill Gates, he goes to a school that owns a computer terminal connected to a large central computer. This is unusual in the 1960s and 1970s, when computers are room-sized devices costing millions of dollars and are owned only by large universities and corporations. Gates is able to start u We sometimes think of being good at mathematics as an innate ability. You either â€Å"have it† or you don’t. But to Schoenfeld, it’s not so much ability as attitude. You master mathematics if you are willing to try. That’s what Schoenfeld attempts to teach his students. Success is a function of persistence and doggedness and the willingness to work hard for twenty-two minutes to make sense of something that most people would give up on after thirty seconds†¦ One example of this is Billy joy’s lucky advantage that leads him to success. Bill joy attended University of Michigan the year the advanced computer system was introduced so he began to visit the computer room more often than most; he even got a job with the computer science professor. (Sounds like he got same job with professor. I don’t know I think something wrong with that sentence) Working in collaboration with a small group of programmers, Joy to on the task of rewriting Unix, which was a software system developed by AT&T for mainframe computers. Billy joy took advantage of his early computer skills to allow him opportunity that was given to him. One example of this is given by Gladwell how their (who? ) birthday can affect their overall performance . The age cutoff entry for junior hockey leagues is January, 1. A 5 year old hockey player born on that day is a little older than other competitors, giving them an advantage in size, strength and coordination. The effect at the age of nine or ten, and of course they are more likely to view as talented the bigger and more coordinated players, who have had the benefit of critical extra months of maturity. So the advantage of being more developed can potentially land them on a professional team, all due to the cutoff dates in professional hockey. Another example of an advantage in succeeding is your IQ score. In the book Gladwell interviews Chris Langan who has the highest IQ score in America. Chris Langan discusses how he had an opportunity to go to college, but never did because his mother never turned in the financial aid paper work Chris should have gone to college to reach his full potential to meet better opportunities to succeed in life. I think you have to change those paragraphs†¦?

Auditing theory

The chairman should have been or presently a senior practitioner in public accountancy. 14. The following sectors represented by the PICA to the membership of AAAS have one representative, except a. Government c. Commerce and industry b. Public practice d. Academe 15. Statements on financial accounting standards constituting GAP are issued by the a.Philippine Institute of Spas. C. Audit Standards and Practices Council. B. Securities and Exchange Commission. D. Accounting Standards Council. 16. Indicate whether the following functions would be performed by: P S – Senior M – Manager AS – Audit Assistant (1) Supervises two or more concurrent audit engagements Performs detailed audit procedures Overall responsibility for audit Signs audit report s d. 17. The amount of audit fees depend largely on the – Partner a. Size and capitalization of the company under audit. B. Amount of profit for the year. C. Availability of cash. . Volume of audit work and degree of c ompetence and responsibilities involved. Page 3 of 7 18. In determining audit fees, an auditor may take into account each of the following except a. Volume and intricacy of work involved. C. Number and cost of manors needed. B. Degree of responsibility assumed. D. Size and amount of capital of client. 19. Under this method of billing a client, the external auditors charges on the basis of time spent by principals/partners, supervisors, seniors and Juniors at predetermined rates agreed upon with the client Maximum fee basis c.Flat sum basis Retainer basis d. Per diem basis RA No. 9298 – Philippine Accountancy Act of 2004 and its AIR 1 . Which of the following is not one of the specified objectives of the Accountancy Act of 2004? A. Examination for registration of Spas. B. Supervision, control, and regulation of accounting practice. C. Standardization and regulation of accounting education. D. Promulgation of accounting and auditing standards. In all of the following situations except one, a person is deemed to be engaged in professional accounting practice.Which of them is the exception? A. Performing audits or verification of financial transactions and records for more than one client. B. Employed as the department chairman that supervises the BAS program of an educational institution. C. Employment as controller of a private business enterprise and such employment squires that the holder thereof should be a CPA. D. Appointment in the government where first grade civil service eligibility is a prerequisite. A person is not deemed to be engaged in professional accounting practice if a.Her merely holds himself out as skilled in the science and practice of accounting and qualified to render services as a CPA. B. He merely offers to render services as a CPA to the public, but does not actually render such services. C. He offers or renders bookkeeping services to more than one client. D. He installs and revises accounting systems for more than one client. Pr actice in Public Accountancy shall constitute in a person a. Involved in decision making requiring professional knowledge in the science of accounting, or when such employment or position requires that the holder thereof must be a certified public accountant. . In an educational institution which involve teaching of accounting, auditing, management advisory services, finance, business law, taxation, and other technically related subjects. C. Who holds, or is appointed to, a position in an accounting professional group in government or in a government owned and/or controlled reparation, including those performing proprietary functions, where decision making requires professional knowledge in the science of accounting, d.Holding out himself/herself as one skilled in the knowledge, science and practice of accounting, and as a qualified person to render professional services as a certified public accountant; or offering or rendering, or both, to more than one client on a fee basis or ot herwise. Any position in any business or company in the private sector which requires supervising the recording of financial transactions, preparation of financial tenements, coordinating with the external auditors for the audit of such financial statements and other related functions shall be occupied only by a duly registered CPA.Provided (choose the incorrect one) a. That the business or company where the above position exists has a paid-up capital of at least and/or an annual revenue of at least b. The above provision shall apply only to persons to be employed after the effectively of the Implementing Rules and Regulations of RA 9298. C. The above provision shall not result to deprivation of the employment of incumbents to the position. D. None of the above.

An Analytical Summary

Se Habla Espanol By Tanya Barrientos An Analytical Summary Tre A. Williams Kimberly Muirhead English 115 11/14/2012 Tanya Maria Barrientos, a journalist by profession and an upcoming author is Guatemalan by birth. However she has been living in America for almost fifty years after coming from her native country at the age of three. The essay ‘Se Habla Espanol’ is a poignant depiction of the search for her misplaced identity that she desperately tried to forget in her formative years.Her aversion towards her own ethnicity can be summarized by this quote of hers, â€Å"when I was sixteen, I told my father how much I hated being called Mexican-not only because I wasn't, but also because the word was hurled as an insult† (Page 59). The most important point of the essay is the difficulty the immigrants face while growing up in a land, which is not their by birth as how they are inherently misfit in the society, yet they desperately want to merge into it by forgetting t heir language and ignoring their last names.Barrientos starts the essay the quite aptly by depicting her child hood days as how her parents consciously forgot their own culture to assimilate their kids in the alien ‘gringo’ culture. Although they themselves talked to each other in Spanish, yet they talked to their kids in English, maintain the American culture within the house and kept their kids as far away as possible from other Latin Americans and Latin American Culture. The result was dark skinned kids who consider themselves white and hate to be called Latin American or Mexican.Barrientos’ mental state in her growing years can be ascertained by these words, â€Å"I enjoyed looking into the faces of Latino store clerks and waitresses and, yes, even our maid, and saying ‘yo no hablo espanol’. It made me feel superior. It made me feel American. It made me feel white† (Page 58). The situation completely changed when Barrientos reached her 20à ¢â‚¬â„¢s. Suddenly the societal conditions changed and the country woke up to recognize various cultures and ethnicities that made the United States of America that we know today.The culture baggage was no longer considered a baggage now and in fact it gave uniqueness to the immigrants. Now, Barrientos tries to learn Spanish and also desperately tries to search her lost identity while learning Spanish. However, now the unfortunate thing is that in spite of trying hard in learning Spanish, she is still managed to understand and haltingly speak Spanish that makes her stick out in her own community and she can never gel completely within her own community.The purpose of Barrientos’ writing clearly indicates the experience, the second generation immigrants feel, behave and communicate in the modern American society. She explains the experience of her life and analyzes the difficulties she had to endure throughout her life. Her audience primarily is young and most of them are not white Americans like her. The exceptional thing about Barrientos’ essay is that she has written it in a very exceptional, lucid and easy to understand English.Thus, Se Habla Espanol is an excellent essay, which depicts and analyzes a modern day issue, which has established as a major phenomenon in today’s world. Moreover, it is very much evident in America because it has always been a melting pot of varied cultures belonging to all over the world. References Create. (2001). ENC 1101. Corinthian. Columbus, OH: McGraw-Hill. Border-Line Personalities: A New Generation of Latinas Dish on Sex, Sass, and Cultural Shifting [Paperback] Michelle Herrera Mulligan (Author), Robyn Moreno (Author) Se Habla Espanol ByTanya Barrientos page 167.

Belonging Strictly Ballroom

Lack of a sense of belonging is portrayed in the ‘mockumentary’ film â€Å"Strictly Ballroom† through the character Scott Hastings as he is treated as an outcast because he refuse to conform to the mainstream way of ballroom dance. The opening scene portrays the false, fairytale feeling of the world of ballroom dance through the motif showing big red curtains opening with matching theatrical music. The over the top fakery is shown through the fluffy costumes and over the top hair of the dancers in the opening scene. They are shown hugging and exchanging high fives, portraying that they belong because they have conformed to the mainstream way of dance presented by Barry Fife. â€Å"You can dance any steps you like but it doesn’t mean you will win. † This quote spoken by Barry fife shows the power he holds because he controls who wins. Unless you perform his steps that are shown in the video ‘The right way to dance’ you are not going to win. In the extreme close up of his mouth, we see the crooked rotten teeth because symbolically he is a crooked rotten person. When Scott dances his own steps the scene is shown in slow motion with a freeze frame, beautiful music with a pleasing crowd reaction to match shows that everyone including Scott was enjoying the dance. The camera switches to the furious faces of Shirley and Barry fife showing that everyone loved the new steps except for everyone who had confirmed that sat on the federation leaders table. The Table is situated higher than the dancers and audience depicting how they are in charge. Liz’s lack of understanding for Scotts love for his own steps is shown when she threatens Scott to conform to the federation steps for Ballroom dancing. I’m not dancing with you until you are supposed to† Barry has programmed the dancers like robots to follow his ‘Right steps’ â€Å"what did you think of the steps? †Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. â€Å"I don’t think! † Fran as a beginner dancer does not belong in the ballroom dancing world. Her frizzy hair, acne covered skin, thick unattractive glasses and covered figureless body makes her a target for nasty comments. The Slapstick humour when Liz and Scott knocking over Fran when she is trying to comfort them shows how she is not respected and over looked. Understanding however can give a person a sense of belonging in society or within themselves. Fran and Scott both feel like outcasts because they love to dance their own steps and not conform to the federation â€Å"I want to dance with you your way†. When the song â€Å"time after time† plays while Scott and Fran are dancing, Fran shows Scott what she is capable of proving that she is not a hopeless dancer like everyone stereotypes her to be. Scott tells her to dance without her glasses and we notice throughout the movie the tighter clothing she wears to reveal her toned elegant body structure, portraying as she feels a sense of comfort and understanding towards Scott, she starts to gain her own identity. Belonging Strictly Ballroom Lack of a sense of belonging is portrayed in the ‘mockumentary’ film â€Å"Strictly Ballroom† through the character Scott Hastings as he is treated as an outcast because he refuse to conform to the mainstream way of ballroom dance. The opening scene portrays the false, fairytale feeling of the world of ballroom dance through the motif showing big red curtains opening with matching theatrical music. The over the top fakery is shown through the fluffy costumes and over the top hair of the dancers in the opening scene. They are shown hugging and exchanging high fives, portraying that they belong because they have conformed to the mainstream way of dance presented by Barry Fife. â€Å"You can dance any steps you like but it doesn’t mean you will win. † This quote spoken by Barry fife shows the power he holds because he controls who wins. Unless you perform his steps that are shown in the video ‘The right way to dance’ you are not going to win. In the extreme close up of his mouth, we see the crooked rotten teeth because symbolically he is a crooked rotten person. When Scott dances his own steps the scene is shown in slow motion with a freeze frame, beautiful music with a pleasing crowd reaction to match shows that everyone including Scott was enjoying the dance. The camera switches to the furious faces of Shirley and Barry fife showing that everyone loved the new steps except for everyone who had confirmed that sat on the federation leaders table. The Table is situated higher than the dancers and audience depicting how they are in charge. Liz’s lack of understanding for Scotts love for his own steps is shown when she threatens Scott to conform to the federation steps for Ballroom dancing. I’m not dancing with you until you are supposed to† Barry has programmed the dancers like robots to follow his ‘Right steps’ â€Å"what did you think of the steps? †Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. â€Å"I don’t think! † Fran as a beginner dancer does not belong in the ballroom dancing world. Her frizzy hair, acne covered skin, thick unattractive glasses and covered figureless body makes her a target for nasty comments. The Slapstick humour when Liz and Scott knocking over Fran when she is trying to comfort them shows how she is not respected and over looked. Understanding however can give a person a sense of belonging in society or within themselves. Fran and Scott both feel like outcasts because they love to dance their own steps and not conform to the federation â€Å"I want to dance with you your way†. When the song â€Å"time after time† plays while Scott and Fran are dancing, Fran shows Scott what she is capable of proving that she is not a hopeless dancer like everyone stereotypes her to be. Scott tells her to dance without her glasses and we notice throughout the movie the tighter clothing she wears to reveal her toned elegant body structure, portraying as she feels a sense of comfort and understanding towards Scott, she starts to gain her own identity.

Competing Vision of Health Care Administration among Stakeholders Literature review

Competing Vision of Health Care Administration among Stakeholders - Literature review Example Health care entails the provision of health services to human beings (Edwards, 2010). Having quality health care services is important for patients and in raising the reputation of hospitals. That is, this subject is highly essential in ensuring that patients get access to the best services (Edwards, 2010). However, as clarified earlier, for the hospitals to achieve this goal, its leaders have to play a huge role in the daily operations of hospitals. It is worth noting that different health care stakeholders in hospital administration share different competing visions, which bring in a subject of great concern in the standards at different hospitals (Edwards, 2010). One of the subjects that the administrators have varied sets of views about is on health care insurance reforms particularly. These reforms are very important in reducing the amount of charity care and Medicaid expenses. The president of the Center for Studying Health System Change, Mr. Ginsburg indicates that there is variable uncertainty on the expected hospital reforms. That is, it is unfeasible to have a simple and fast reform on insurance of health care. Additionally, he says that the aforementioned reforms will vary from state to state and that there are great chances of hospitals experiencing high growth in the number of patients that go for Medicaid (Edwards, 2010). However, Ginsburg goes ahead to point out that, sooner rather than later, hospitals are going to face significant changes in the delivery of care. Precisely, he warns that, with better coordination of care, then, there is a very good chance for hospital care to undergo a decline in the near future.

Response to Progressive Reforms Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Response to Progressive Reforms - Essay Example The writer of rough draft 2 is of the opinion that progressive reformers did restrain the power of American capitalism. According to the writer, the progressive reformers were successful in their quest by demanding better-working conditions, regulating the economy, and fighting for women rights. The writer’s draft captures the socio-economic part of the reform movement but does not expound on the political aspects that the reformers sought to improve. As such, this draft would be improved by noting that progressive reformers had an impact on American politics by changing the policies and principles that the nation was founded on.   Progressive reformers had an impact on domestic policies as they advocated for the protection of the poor and workers from capitalists tendencies through anti-trust laws. Also, progressive reformers called for redistribution of resources and government regulation of commerce and production. Mooney also notes that progressives advocated for governm ent regulation in the employment of women (60).   The government instituted reforms that enabled poor Americans benefit from the available resources and also regulated aspects regarding commerce and production.   As such, the basis of today’s liberalism that permeates in American politics has its roots from progressivism, showing that indeed progressive reformers affected the political sphere as much as the socio-economic aspects.   The quote to apply and best answer the question as the writer intended would be that the reforms.

EU Law assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

EU Law assignment - Essay Example had reviewed the role of the national courts and maintained that the spirit of the EC law would be harmed if individuals were deprived of availing themselves of redressal for damages suffered due to the infringement of EC law by national highest courts of last instance of the respective member states. The ECJ specified that the national courts that constitute the very last forum were truly the last judicial entities available to individuals. At that stage individuals attempt to assert the rights provided by Community law. Thus the judicial bodies that are in effect the last resort of individuals at the national level should invariably follow the provisions of Community law. The ECJ also pointed out that Article 234 EC is an indicator of the spirit of the Community and the Treaty Scheme that protects individual rights conferred by the Community law. Therefore, the national courts of last instance should not infringe Community law3. The ECJ’s ruling in Kobler paved the way to initiate elaborate discussions on several legislative issues concerning state liability. The Advocate General asserted that judges of national courts should not confine themselves to the national law alone, but that they have to act within the purview of the EC law, in order to maintain the spirit of the EC Treaty. This requires national judges to critically assess the scope of national law and the application of the EC law over national law, since EC law has supremacy over national law. Moreover, they have to ensure that their national law is in conformity with the Community law. This would result in the judges of the domestic courts, ignoring pieces of national legislation that were enacted lawfully under the national procedure for enacting laws, in order to give preference to EC law. In such situations the fundamental doctrine of separation of powers would have to be infringed. This role allotted to the judiciary is akin to the r ole allotted to the higher courts that have to uphold the

MEDICAL ERROR AND PREVENTION Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

MEDICAL ERROR AND PREVENTION - Research Paper Example This followed a declaration made in 2007 by the Federal Centre for Medical and Medicaid services (CMS) denying settlement of Medicaid funds for treatment of preventable errors (Armitage, 2009). This paper explores sources of medical errors and their prevention among heath workers. According to the Quality Interagency Coordination Task Force, a medical error is â€Å"the failure of an intended action to be accomplished as planned or use of an incorrect plan to achieve an aim† (Armitage, 2009). Thus, errors can result from wrongful practice, procedures, products, or systems applied by a health professional or institution on a patient. This definition of medical errors define the three dimensions of patient’s safety namely error prevention, visibility of errors and effect mitigation. Medication errors occur most commonly in administering prescribing (U.S. Department of Education, 2011). Common errors include: There are two classes of medical errors namely active and latent errors. Active errors occur at individual level and, have instant results while latent are errors results from system or operation failure. Thus, the effects of a latent error may not be visible immediately but have long-term impacts on the society. Emotional Status – Emotional reactions such as anger, anxiety, boredom and fear often interferes with workers performance leading to medical errors. Emotional responses may result from over-work or negative attitudes. Hard-to-read handwriting- Medical workers have the most illegible handwriting, which contributes to medical errors. Fortunately, automated medication ordering has reduced the problem especially on prescription. Surgical errors have adverse effects on patients and, often lead to loss of life. They occur due to wrongful procedures, inappropriate sites, or surgical personnel. Studies conducted in Utah and Colorado hospitals indicated that surgical errors accounted for nearly 75% of observable medical

E learning Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

E learning - Research Paper Example Despite these strengths and opportunities, e-learning faces several distinct barriers. These barriers will be explored in this paper. Diverse barriers to e-learning can prevent or delay the effective design or implementation of e-learning programs. This section discusses some of the widespread categories of hindrances to e-learning. Table 1 shows the various barriers to e-learning that are arranged according to publication. Inadequate technological tools, such as lack of computers, and poor or limited Internet availability can impede the adoption of e-learning. Poorly designed e-learning programs are barriers to e-learning too. The learning system for e-learning must be applied to preservice teaching, and if not, there will be problems in the design and implementation of e-learning. In India, schools do not have sufficient equipment for delivering e-learning, especially in rural areas, and bandwidth problems are also widespread concerns. The absence of a reliable ICT infrastructure shapes e-learning adoption similarly. Negative stereotypes against older learners impact the participation of older students in e-learning platforms (334). Lack of ICT knowledge and skills among older students are barriers to e-learning too. Teachers are more likely to implement e-learning, if it is aligned with public educations policies and standards. KSA must go over the possibility of mandating e-learning across public education levels to enhance its adoption. Differences in policies and implementation because of administrative dimensions can affect e-learning diffusion. Poor professional development toward e-learning can be attributed to the organization because of lack of resources and/or political will and unity. Teachers may not adopt e-learning if they do not see that the administration as supportive to the skills training and other needs of e-learning platform. Poor alignment between e-learning goals and curriculum can hinder e-learning effectiveness. Table 1 shows

The Struggles of African Slaves Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Struggles of African Slaves - Essay Example No one knows who that was until Nunu reveals a secret to the main character. She tells Shola that she was raped by a white man while being shipped for a trade. There is one more argument which proves that slaves were treated as objects and property. At the beginning of a film when Mona appears to be in the past, we see that white masters catch her and burn a brand on her skin with sizzling hot metal. Animals on farms also get such brands to show who they belong to. Such scenes help the viewers to understand how mistreated the African slaves were, and how desperate their lives were. Apart from sexual abuse, the enslaved people were subject to other types of discrimination. They suffered a lot from physical violence of their masters. Slaves were constantly brutally beaten for every fault and for each act of disobedience. There were special places where the slaves were tightened and severely whipped. The beating was conducted with such a strength that in many cases the victims did not s tand it and died. In one of the scenes from Sankofa, a pregnant woman Kuta is whipped to death, not having any more strength to stand the pain. To crown it all, the cruelty of white masters was sometimes aimed at innocent slaves. If there was some kind of a rebellion or disobedience, slave owners wanted to punish Africans. If they could not find guilty ones, they simply took a random group of innocent people and punished them severely. Poor slaves were locked up in small wooden cages, hung high on trees and left there until they died.

Heritage Valley Medical Center Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Heritage Valley Medical Center - Assignment Example In the past, Heritage Valley Medical Center was a very successful medical facility, serving all its patients with dignity and equality to an extent that both the community and the staff of the facility were completely satisfied with the services. However, this has changed over time, with the introduction of a change in the medical policy that allowed more minority population to access the services offered by the facility. This change saw the community patient ratios change from the initial 80% Caucasian, 15% African American, and 5% Hispanic, to a new ratio of 50% Caucasian, 40% African, and 10% Hispanic. With this change, the financial capacity of the medical center has gown down, since the increase in the minority community patients means a reduction in private pay patients and thus money paid for the medical services (Buchbinder & Thompson, 2010). However, the ethnic composition of the health medical center staff did not change, having the facilities team dominated by the Caucasian medical professionals, while the African Americans dominated the support and the administrative staff segment of the facility. The Hispanic community was barely represented, having just one manager in the entire team. The whole executive team was dominated by Caucasians who made a 100% of the team members. There was a good cooperation between the staff of the facilities, until a report regarding the satisfaction of the communities with the facility services was discussed at a meeting. During the meeting, it became apparent that the minorities were not satisfied with the services. ... This indicates that the facility staff composition has not put gender balance policy in place (Buchbinder & Thompson, 2010). Another issue identifiable in this case is the lack of diversity in the staff composition under some segments. While the executive and the medical professional segments are represented by the Caucasian predominantly, the administrative and support staff segment is represented by the African Americans. The Hispanics do not seem to have any representation in the staff team. This is a clear indication that there lacks diversity in the staff team (Buchbinder & Thompson, 2010). Cultural value disrespect is yet another issue that is apparent in this case. The Caucasian staffs do not seem to value the cultures of other communities, especially the minority communities. They regard the language of other communities as intolerable, while perceiving the accompanying of minority patients by their family members into the facility as uncivilized. The African Americans on the other hand do not seem to be proud of their culture, and they disregard the cultures of the Hispanics and the Asians, arguing they need to learn how to speak in English. Language barrier is yet another issue observable in the case, where the patients and the staffs do not seem to understand each other when they are communicating (Buchbinder & Thompson, 2010). The nurses argue that they cannot understand the language spoken by the Asians and the Africans, and as such, they may not be able to serve their needs appropriately. Nepotism is yet another issue identified in the case, where the Caucasian community patients seems satisfied with the services offered by the medical center, while the other

Coffee and Starbucks Essay Example for Free

Coffee and Starbucks Essay Timeline 1995 1996 Starbucks Coffee International is established. In August, Starbucks opens its first Starbucks store outside of North America in Tokyo, Japan through a jointventure agreement with Sazaby Inc. In December, Starbucks opens its first store in Singapore through a licensing agreement with Bonstar, Pte Ltd. 1997 In December, Starbucks opens its first store in Makati City, Philippines through a licensing agreement with Rustan Corporation. In July, Starbucks opens its first store in Bangkok, Thailand through a licensing agreement with Central Pattana, Plc. Coffee Partners (Thailand). In October, Starbucks opens its first store in Auckland, New Zealand through a licensing agreement with Restaurant Brands, Ltd. In December, Starbucks opens its first store in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia through a licensing agreement with Berjaya Group Berhad. 1999 In July, Starbucks opens its first store in Seoul, South Korea through a licensing agreement with Shinsegae Department Stores Co. , Ltd. In June, Starbucks Coffee International acquires 100 percent equity of Coffee Partners (Thailand), forming Starbucks Coffee (Thailand) Ltd. In July, Starbucks opens its first store in Sydney, Australia through a joint-venture agreement with a local Australian entrepreneur. In December, Starbucks Coffee International acquires 50 percent equity of South Korean operations from Shinsegae Department Stores Co. , Ltd. , creating a joint-venture partnership in South Korea. Starbucks opens its 100th Japanese store, in Akasaka. Starbucks is named â€Å"Number One Restaurant Chain† by Japan’s Nikkei Restaurant Magazine and â€Å"Best Product of the Year† by South Korea’s Joongang Daily Newspaper. 2001 2002 Starbucks Coffee Japan, Ltd. begins offering stock options for part- and full-time partners. In February, Starbucks Coffee International acquires 100 percent equity of its operations in Australia, forming Starbucks Coffee Company (Australia) Pty. Ltd. In May, Starbucks opens its first store in Jakarta, Indonesia through a licensing agreement with PT Mitra Adiperkasa. The first Starbucks Coffee Ambassador Cup is held in the Philippines. Starbucks Coffee Company (Australia) Pty. Ltd. inaugurates the Bandaged Bear Day Appeal. Starbucks receives the â€Å"Nikkei Superior Products and Service Award† in Japan. 2003 Starbucks launches the first Asian Commitment to Originsâ„ ¢ coffee, Muan Jai Blendâ„ ¢, sourced from the hills of Northern Thailand.  ©2009 STARBUCKS COFFEE COMPANY. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 1998 1998 2000 2004 In July, Starbucks Coffee International acquires 100 percent equity of its operations in Singapore from Bonstar, Pte Ltd. , announcing the formation of Starbucks Coffee Singapore Pte. Ltd. Also in July, Starbucks Coffee International acquires 49. 9 percent equity of its operations in Malaysia, forming Berjaya-Starbucks Coffee Company Sdn. Bhd. Starbucks celebrates the opening of its 100th store in South Korea. 2005 Starbucks helps fund a free pediatric clinic in Penang through collaboration with HOPE worldwide Malaysia. Starbucks introduces ready-to-drink Starbucks Discoveries ® chilled cup coffee, in Japan and Taiwan. The drinks mark the company’s first RTD coffee offerings outside of North America. Starbucks introduces Starbucks bottled Frappuccino ® coffee drinks in South Korea. 2006 In August, Starbucks celebrates its 10th anniversary in Japan. Starbucks celebrates the opening of its 100th store in the Philippines and its 600th store in Japan. Starbucks introduces Starbucks Doubleshot ® espresso drinks in South Korea. 2007 In December, Starbucks celebrates its 10th anniversary in the Philippines. Starbucks celebrates the opening of its 100th store in Thailand and its 200th store in South Korea. Starbucks introduces Starbucks Discoveries ® chilled cup coffee in South Korea. 2008 In February, Starbucks celebrates the opening of its 100th store in Malaysia. In July, Starbucks celebrates its 10th anniversary in Thailand. In September, Starbucks introduces Starbucks Doubleshot ® espresso drinks in Japan. In October, Starbucks celebrates its 10th anniversary in New Zealand In November, Starbucks and partner Dong Suh Foods donate more than 3,000 books to sponsor the Starbucks Discoveries ® Dream Library program in Jeju Island, South Korea. The Dream Library marks the first charitable outreach program sponsored by Starbucks Global Consumer Products. In December, Starbucks celebrates its 10th anniversary in Malaysia. 2009 In February, Starbucks appoints Arun Bhardwaj interim president, Starbucks Coffee Asia Pacific. ###  ©2009. STARBUCKS COFFEE COMPANY. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Organizing an Evening Party

Organizing an Evening Party Name: Zhu Chuyan ID: 4546474 Executive Summary The student union of Coventry University decides to organize an evening party to celebrate the coming Art Festival on March 1st. The project is aiming at planning some phases to conduct the evening party in order to reduce the risk and cost to the least. The project will start on January 21st, which will last for one month. The estimated budget is  £2000- £3000. 1, Introduction The project definition phase lays the groundwork for obtaining information about the project and provides a shared understanding about its objectives, sponsorship, costs, benefits, timeframes, resources and mandate. (Toolbox, 2007) With a project, the executors can clearly see what the process they should follow and sum up the most effective and efficient way to achieve their goal. Owing to the coming of Art Festival of Coventry University, the school Student Union decides to start an evening party. The evening party can not only help the teachers and students relax after heavy work and tired study, it can also increase their sense of art. This project is aiming at elaborating the essential steps of organizing the evening party and recording some precautions, which will greatly avoid project failure caused by the lack of proper planning. But this project will not contain where to find or design the item listed in table 1 and will not estimate the income from selling food and drinks. And it will not mention what are the exact days to get the requirements. 2, Project Scope: Project scope is the part of project planning that involves determining and documenting a list of specific project goals,deliverables, tasks, costs and deadlines. (SearchCIO, 2012) It can be defined as everything about a project. This project is going to define objectives, deliverables; plan the resources, schedules and milestones in detail; analyze the stakeholders and risks; and summarize and execute the project. 2.1 Project objectives: The objective of this project is to organize a successful evening party on March 1st 2013 to celebrate the Art Festival. The members of the student union would like to control the budget between  £2000 and  £3000. And they would like to regain most of the money through selling the  £4 entrance tickets and food and drink. 2.2 Project deliverables: Deliverables can be anything. It can be a real object, a service, a piece of software and so on. They are anything the project can deliver to the stakeholders. In this project, the most important aim is to provide an evening party to the teachers, students and other relevant staffs. A stage (with stage lighting and 500 seats), audio equipments and clothes are also needed for the performers (students of University and some from Birmingham University). And decorations are needed to beautify the stage. Moreover, dissemination is necessary. So leaflets and playbills should be delivered to teachers and students before the party begins. The pattern of ticket should be given to the printing plant in time to ensure the tickets can be completed in time and sold one day before the evening party. Last but not the least, there is enough place in the meeting place for the food and drink distributors (who are volunteers of Coventry University) to sell the products. 2.3 Resources: It can be said that every project need resources like labor resources and objects. The estimated resources required for this project are stage, audio equipments, performers, clothes, leaflets, tickets, food and drink, decoration and food and drink suppliers. The budget of performers is zero because they are all students from university, who are voluntary to perform shows in the evening party. But they can enjoy the food and drink freely when they show their staff cards (the cards will be distributed to the performers when they enter the meeting place) and plus credits. As for the clothes, in some of the small-scale musical performances, they can wear their own clothes. So do the students from Birmingham University. That is to say, the cost of their clothes is not included in the budget. Furthermore, the food and drink distributors are students who apply for volunteers. There are a total of 12 people. They will be given  £15 after their work as bonus. They can enjoy t he food and drink freely, too. Table 1 will show the expected budget of each item. (Table 1) Expected income: Each ticket will cost  £4. There are 500 seats. If 400-450 tickets are sold, there will be  £1600- £1800 income. There will be another income from the food and drinks. 2.4 Stakeholder analysis: Stakeholders are individuals who either care about or have a vested interest in your project. They are the people who are actively involved with the work of the project or have something to either gain or lose as a result of the project. (Connecxion 2009) In this project, the stakeholders are: à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ‚   Principal of Coventry University à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ‚ ¡ Financial departments of Coventry University à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ‚ ¢ Customer – end users à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ‚ £ Project team – planners and organizers à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ‚ ¤ Food and drink suppliers à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ‚ ¥ Printing plant à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ‚ ¦ Stage supplier Stakeholder Management Grid: (Table 2) 2.5 Communication plan: à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ‚   Principal of Coventry University Book a day to see the principal and ask for the consent to organize the party. Problem: The principal may not be in the office on the expected days. Solution: The student union should quickly find another day to get the permission. à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ‚ ¡ Financial departments of Coventry University Book a day to see the staff of the financial departments and discuss the proper budget. Problem: The staff may not be in the office on the expected days. And he/she may give the student union budget which is not expected. Solution: The student union should quickly find another day to get the permission. As for the budget, the student union should correctly use the budget and reduce unnecessary cost. à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ‚ ¢ Customer – end users Student union can send e-mails through the school mail to inform the teachers and students before the leaflets come out. And then distribute the leaflets to students and teachers from Feb 22nd-28th. Problem: Not every teachers or students who have been informed of the evening party will certainly go there. Owing to the weather problem, they may not be willing to go, too. Solution: The student union can intensify propaganda and try to catch people’s attention to the evening party. à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ‚ £ Project team – planners and organizers They are the members of student union. So they can directly talk to each other. Or sometimes they can contact by phone or e-mail. Problem: Planners and organizers get sick, which result in the delay of the project. Solution: Find other student union member to take place of them to carry on the work. à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ‚ ¤ Food and drink suppliers Contact them through telephone. If the factories are near the school, the members can walk to the factories and talk to the suppliers directly. Problem: The food and drink can not be distributed to Coventry University on expected day. Solution: Keep calling the suppliers every 2 or 3 days and ask the process rate. à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ‚ ¥ Printing plant Contact them through telephone. If the factories are near the school, the members can walk to the factories and talk to the suppliers directly. Problem: The tickets and leaflets can not arrive in the student union on the expected day. Solution: Keep calling the printing plant every 2 or 3 days and ask the progress rate. à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ‚ ¦ Stage supplier Go to the meeting place directly. After finding a suitable stage, then talk to the supplier directly. If he is not here, then contact him by telephone. Problem: Someone else has booked the stage before the Coventry student union. Solution: Student union should have found the stage as early as possible. If it is still too late, find another stage. 2.6 Risk analysis: (Table 3) 2.7 Scheduling: The chart below shows the steps of organizing the evening party. (Table 4) 2.8 Milestones: Milestones are essential to manage and control a project, but there is no task associated with it (although preparing a milestone can involve significant work). Usually a milestone is used as a project checkpoint to validate how a project is progressing and revalidate the work. (Hub Pages, 2008) The following milestones are showing the completion of every phases of the project. (Table 5) 2.9 Constraints: The only constraint or deadline is the evening party opening day, scheduled to occur on March 1st, 2013. The entrance tickets should be sent to the student union on February 27th, 2013. And the leaflets should be sent to the student union no later than February 22nd, 2013. 3, Conclusion This project is aiming at conduct an evening party on March 1st, 2013 in order to celebrate the Art Festival. It mainly covers the project scope like project deliverables, project objects, resources, stakeholder analysis and so on. A Gantt chat will be used below to set up a timeline of the project. Conducting an evening party is not an easy task. It requires the organizers and planners to have good understanding of every issues of a project. They should also pay attention to the details in order to minimum the problems. They can have conclusion after the evening party and learn a lesson from it. In the future, they can improve the quality of next project. References: (1) Toolbox (2007) Project Definition Why, What, Who, When and How? [online], available at http://it.toolbox.com/blogs/lpuleo/project-definition-why-what-who-when-and-how-20530 [November 15, 2007] (2) SearchCIO (2012) Project Scope [online], available at http://searchcio.techtarget.com/definition/project-scope [July 2012] (3) Connecxion (2009) Project Stakeholders [online], available at http://cnx.org/content/m31209/latest/ [Sep 24, 2009] (4) Hub Pages (2008) Project Milestones [online], available at http://aramyus.hubpages.com/hub/Project_milestones [July 26, 2008] Appendix (Gantt Chart)